Unit+II+Module+3+Chinese+Dynasties+Qing

Qing Dynasty media type="custom" key="7378703"

Another video that elaborates on the Qing Dynasty:

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 * //Like the Yuan dynasty//**, the Qing dynasty was a conquest dynasty. The Manchus, first unified under Nurhaci, swept southward to capture Ming territories, and proclaimed a new dynasty in 1644. While the new Qing government preserved the economic status quo, especially in the wealthy south, it did demand symbolic changes: all men were required to shave the front of their heads and wear a queue in the Manchu style. The first part of the dynasty was remarkably stable, due to the long reigns of Kangxi, Yongzheng and Qianlong. Kangxi expanded Qing territories, adding Xinjiang to the west, and the island of Taiwan.

Timeline of Qing Dynasty
 * //Trade with Europe//** and the Americas continued to grow in importance. China exported large amounts of tea, textiles, and porcelain, and took silver in trade. Looking for a product to trade in return, the British began to bring opium to China. When the drug was outlawed in China and merchants asked to sign agreements not to import it, the British reacted with military force. The Opium War led to the Treaty of Nanjing in 1842, which gave the British better access to Chinese ports. Other Western powers quickly made similar demands, and the Qing government was forced into severtreaties on unfavorable terms. In response to these and other problems, a bureau to deal with foreign affairs was set up, and the government devoted more resources to military training and weapons. Other reforms were proposed by the leaders of the Self-Strengthening movement in the 1860s, but the Empress Dowager Cixi blocked their implementation. Military defeat at the hands of the Japanese in 1894-5 drove home the need for change, and the Guangxu emperor attempted to change course with the Hundred Days Reform of 1898. However, this was again thwarted by Cixi. Several years later, a slate of reforms was belatedly adopted, including changing the government to a constitutional monarchy and abolishing the examination system. These were too late to save the Qing, and the dynastic system ended with its fall in 1911.
 * 1644 || Qing dynasty begins ||
 * 1662-1722 || Reign of Kangxi ||
 * 1683 || Taiwan becomes part of China ||
 * 1736-1795 || Reign of Qianlong ||
 * 1793 || Macartney mission from England arrives in Beijing ||
 * 1842 || Treaty of Nanjing at the end of the Opium War opens five treaty ports ||
 * 1850-1864 || Taiping rebellion ||
 * 1860s || Self-Strengthening movement begins ||
 * 1894-5 || War with Japan; China loses decisively ||
 * 1898 || Hundred Days of Reform ||
 * 1900 || Boxer rebellion ||
 * 1905 || Examination system abolished ||
 * 1911 || Xinhai revolution topples Qing ||

For more detailed chronologies, see //Columbia Chronologies of Asian History and Culture// (Columbia, 2000).